Wahi a ka World Steel Association, ʻo ka hana kila crude honua ma 2021 he 1.952 biliona tons, ʻoi aku ka 3.8 pakeneka mai ka makahiki i hala.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka oxygen mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he palahalaha ma 1.381 biliona tons, ʻoiai ua piʻi ka puka kila o ka umu uila 14.4% a 563 miliona tons.Wahi a nā helu helu, ua emi iho ka hana kila kila o Kina i ka makahiki 2021 e 3% makahiki i ka makahiki i 1.033 biliona tona;I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ua piʻi ka hana kila maʻemaʻe ma nā ʻāina 27 EU i 15.4% i 152.575 miliona tons;Ua piʻi ka hana kila kila o Iapana i 15.8% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 85.791 miliona mau tona;Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila kila ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka 18% makahiki ma ka makahiki a hiki i 85.791 miliona tons, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila kila ma Rūsia i ka 5% makahiki i ka makahiki i 76.894 miliona mau.Ua piʻi ka hana kila kila o South Korea i 5% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 70.418 miliona tons;Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila kila ma Turkey i ka 12.7% o ka makahiki i ka 40.36 miliona tons.Ua piʻi ka hana ʻana ma Kanada i 18.1% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 12.976 miliona tons.

01 ʻAi ʻōpala

Wahi a ka Statistics of the International Bureau of Recycling, I ka makahiki 2021, ua emi iho ka ʻai ʻana o Kina i ka 2.8% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 226.21 miliona tons, a ʻo Kina ka mea kūʻai nui loa o ka honua.Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ratio o ka ʻai ʻana o Kina i ka hana kila maʻemaʻe e 1.2 pakeneka i 21.9% mai ka makahiki i hala.

I ka makahiki 2021, e hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila ma 27 mau ʻāina ʻo EU e 16.7% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 878.53 miliona tons, a e hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila kila ma kahi ʻē aʻe e 15.4%, a ʻo ka ratio o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila i ka hana kila kila. ma EU e piʻi i 57.6%.Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōpala i ka 18.3% i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i 59.4 miliona tons, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ratio o ka ʻai ʻana i ke kila kila i ka 69.2%, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila kila ma 18% i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila ʻōpala o Turkey i ka 15.7 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 34.813 miliona mau tona, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila kila i ka 12.7 pākēneka, e hoʻonui ana i ka ratio o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila i ka 86.1 pakeneka.I ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōpala i Iapana e 19% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 34.727 miliona tons, aʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke kila kila ma ka 15.8% i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ua piʻi ka hapa o ka ʻōpala i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana kila kila i 40.5%.Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻōpala Lūkini i 7% yoy i 32.138 miliona mau tons, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila maʻemaʻe i ka 5% yoy a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ratio o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōpala i ka hana kila kila i 41.8%.Ua hāʻule ka ʻai ʻōpala o South Korea i ka 9.5 pākēneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 28.296 miliona tons, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana kila maʻemaʻe i ka 5 pakeneka wale nō a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ratio o ka ʻai ʻana i ka hana kila i ka 40.1 pakeneka.

I ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila ma nā ʻāina nui ʻehiku a me nā ʻāpana he 503 miliona tons, ʻoi aku ka 8 pakeneka o ka makahiki.

Ke kūlana lawe mai o ke kila ʻōpala

ʻO Turkey ka mea hoʻopuka nui loa o ka honua i nā mea hao hao.I ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana mai o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ke kila kila ma ka 11.4 pākēneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 24.992 miliona tons.Ua hāʻule nā ​​mea lawe mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka 13.7 pakeneka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 3.768 miliona mau tons, ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai Netherlands mai 1.9 pakeneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 3.214 miliona mau tons, ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai United Kingdom i 1.4 pakeneka i 2.337 miliona mau tons, a ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea lawe mai Russia mai 13.6. pakeneka i ka 2.031 miliona tona.
I ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā mea lawe mai i nā ʻāina ʻo 27 EU e 31.1% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 5.367 miliona tons, me nā mea hoʻolako nui ma ka ʻāina ʻo ia ʻo United Kingdom (piʻi i ka 26.8% makahiki i ka makahiki a hiki i 1.633 miliona tons), Switzerland (piʻi i 1.9. % makahiki ma ka makahiki a hiki i 796,000 tons) a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (piʻi 107.1% makahiki ma ka makahiki a hiki i 551,000 tons).Ua noho ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ke kolu o ka mea lawe mai i ka ʻōpala nui loa ma ka honua i 2021, me ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻōpala i 17.1% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 5.262 miliona tons.Ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai Kanada mai 18.2 pakeneka makahiki i ka makahiki a hiki i 3.757 miliona mau tons, ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai Mexico mai 12.9 pākēneka makahiki i ka makahiki a hiki i 562,000 tons a ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai United Kingdom i 92.5 pākēneka makahiki i ka makahiki i 308,000 tons.Ua piʻi ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ke kila kila mai South Korea i ka 8.9 pakeneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 4.789 miliona tons, ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai o Thailand i 18 pākēneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 1.653 miliona tons, ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai o Malaysia i ka 9.8 pakeneka o kēlā me kēia makahiki i 1.533 miliona mau tons a me Indonesia. Ua piʻi ka lawe ʻana mai o ke kila ʻōpala i 3 pākēneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 1.462 miliona mau tona.ʻO ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ke kila kila i India he 5.133 miliona tons, i lalo o 4.6% i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea lawe mai o Pakistan i ka 8.4 pakeneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 4.156 miliona tonnes.
03 Hoʻopau i ke kūlana hoʻokuʻu aku
I ka makahiki 2021, ua hiki i ka 109.6 miliona tons ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kila kila (me ke kālepa intra-EU27) i ka 9.7% o ka makahiki.Ua hoʻomau ka EU27 i ka ʻāina nui loa o ka honua e hoʻokuʻu aku ai i nā ʻōpala, me ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻōpala i waho ma ka 11.5% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 19.466m tonnes i 2021. ʻO ka mea kūʻai nui ʻo Turkey, kahi i hoʻoiho ʻia ai he 13.110m tonnes, piʻi 11.3% makahiki-ma- makahiki.Ua hoʻonui ka BLOC i ka 27 mau ʻāina i ʻAigupita i 1.817 miliona tons, piʻi ka 68.4 pakeneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i Switzerland i 16.4 pakeneka i 56.1 pakeneka, a i Moldova i 37.8 pakeneka i 34.6 miliona mau tons.Eia naʻe, ua hāʻule ka lawe ʻana aku i Pakistan i ka 13.1 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 804,000 tonnes, aʻo ka lawe ʻana aku i ka US i hāʻule i ka 3.8 pakeneka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 60.4 miliona tonnes a ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea lawe aku i India i ka 22.4 pakeneka o kēlā me kēia makahiki i 535,000 tonnes.ʻO ka EU he 27 mau ʻāina i lawe aku i ka nui loa i Netherlands ma 4.687 miliona tons, ʻoi aku ka 17 pakeneka o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki.
I ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kila kila i loko o nā ʻāina ʻo 27 EU he 29.328 miliona tons, ʻoi aku ka 14.5% o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki.I ka makahiki 2021, ua piʻi ka 6.1% i ka makahiki i ka 17.906 miliona tons.ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai ka US a Mexico i piʻi i ka 51.4 pakeneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 3.142 miliona mau tons, aʻo nā hoʻokuʻu aku i Vietnam i piʻi i ka 44.9 pakeneka i 1.435 miliona tons.Eia naʻe, ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea kūʻai aku i Turkey i ka 14 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 3.466 miliona tonnes, ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea lawe aku i Malaysia i ka 8.2 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 1.449 miliona tonnes, ua hāʻule ka lawe ʻana aku i Kina i Taiwan i 10.8 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka 1.423 miliona tonnes , a ua hāʻule nā ​​mea lawe aku i Bangladesh i ka 0.9 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 1.356 miliona tonnes.Ua hāʻule ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku i Kanada i 7.3 pākēneka makahiki i ka makahiki i 844,000 tonnes.I ka makahiki 2021, ua piʻi aʻe ka 21.4 pakeneka o kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 8.287 miliona tons, ua piʻi ʻo Kanada i 7.8 pākēneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 4.863 miliona mau tons, ua piʻi ʻo Australia i ka 6.9 pakeneka o kēlā me kēia makahiki i 2.224 miliona mau tons, a me Singapore. Ua piʻi ka 35.4 pakeneka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki i ka 685,000 tons, ʻOiai ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea hoʻokuʻu ʻōpala o Iapana i ka 22.1 pākēneka makahiki i ka makahiki i 7.301 miliona tons, ua hāʻule nā ​​​​mea hoʻokuʻu ʻōpala o Rūsia he 12.4 pākēneka makahiki ma ka makahiki i 4.140 miliona mau tons.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻai aku nui o ka honua he mau mea kūʻai aku nui o ka ʻōpala, me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻupena he 14.1 miliona tons mai ka eu27 a me 12.6 miliona tons mai US i 2021.